The introduction is the first chapter your marker reads — and first impressions count. A strong dissertation introduction does far more than introduce your topic. It contextualises your research, justifies your approach, states your aims and objectives, and gives the reader a clear map of what follows. This guide shows you exactly what to include and how to write each component.
📋 Table of Contents
What Should a Dissertation Introduction Include?
A complete dissertation introduction typically contains seven elements: background and context, rationale and significance, a brief literature overview, research question, aims and objectives, scope and limitations, and a chapter overview. Not all dissertations include every element — check your institution's guidelines — but most markers expect to see all of these addressed.
💡 Pro Tip: Write your introduction last — or at least rewrite it after completing your dissertation. Once you know exactly what your research found, you can introduce it far more precisely and confidently.
Background and Context
Begin with the broader context of your topic. Why does this subject matter? What is the current state of knowledge or practice in this area? Move from the general to the specific — from the wider field to your specific focus. This section should be 2 to 3 paragraphs and should draw on key statistics, recent developments or significant debates in your field.
Rationale and Significance
This is arguably the most important part of your introduction. You must explain why your research is necessary — what gap in knowledge, practice or policy it addresses. Ask yourself: What does the existing literature not explain? Who will benefit from this research? What problem does it solve? A strong rationale makes your marker understand immediately why your dissertation is worth reading.
Research Question, Aims and Objectives
State your research question clearly and explicitly. Then outline your research aim — the overarching purpose of your study — followed by three to five specific, measurable objectives. These should flow logically from your research question and map onto your methodology and findings chapters. See our guide on how to write a research question for detailed guidance.
Scope and Limitations
Define the boundaries of your study. What is included and what is excluded — and why? Acknowledging limitations early demonstrates academic maturity and protects you from criticism later. Common limitations include: small sample size, geographic or demographic focus, time constraints, access to data, and reliance on self-reported measures.
Chapter Overview
End your introduction with a brief signposting paragraph that outlines the structure of your dissertation. This helps your reader navigate your work and shows that your dissertation has a clear, logical flow.
Example: "Chapter Two reviews the existing literature on X. Chapter Three outlines the research methodology. Chapter Four presents the findings. Chapter Five discusses the findings in relation to the literature. Chapter Six concludes with recommendations for future research."
Tips for a Strong Introduction
- Start with a compelling hook — a striking statistic, a provocative question or a significant real-world problem
- Be specific from the start — avoid vague opening sentences like "In today's modern world..."
- Every sentence should earn its place — no padding or repetition
- Use the introduction to demonstrate your command of the field
- Keep it proportional — typically 8 to 10% of total word count
FAQs
How long should a dissertation introduction be?
Typically 8 to 10% of your total word count. For a 10,000-word dissertation, that is approximately 800 to 1,000 words. For a 15,000-word dissertation, aim for 1,200 to 1,500 words.
Should I include references in the introduction?
Yes — especially in the background and rationale sections. Referencing key studies and statistics shows that your research is grounded in the existing literature from the outset.
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